What type of authorities can be shepardized

Incorrect date. Not using the first page of your cite. Not using the correct Shepard's set. Not being in the correct reporter section of Shepard's. Not using the complete set. Not being within the correct volume number. Having a Southern Reporter cite lst Series and. Shepardizing in a Southern Reporter 2nd Series.

Shepard's set. When shepardizing, you should remember two key differences between state Shepard's volumes such as Shepard's Florida Citations and regional S hepard's volumes such as Shepard's Southern Reporter Citations :. State Shepard's volumes include some references not found in the regional Shepard's , and. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results.

Legal Research Guides: Using Shepard's Citators A set of guides to aid in working through the various sources used in legal research. Incorrect Shepardizing can occur for a variety of reasons: a. Incorrect date b. Not using the first page of your cite c. Not using the correct Shepard's set d. S44 Citators What is a citator? Nexis Uni formerly LexisNexis Academic features more than 15, news, business and legal sources with an interface that offers quick discovery across all content types, personalization features such as Alerts and saved searches and a collaborative workspace with shared folders and annotated documents.

Westlaw Campus Research This link opens in a new window. Westlaw Campus Research is a research service that combines a breadth of news and business information with in depth law-related information. Westlaw Patron Access This link opens in a new window. KeyCite offers a number of ways to review citation reports. The first major tools Westlaw offers are Status Flags which indicate the current status of authorities. These flags mean different things depending on the type of authority you are KeyCiting.

For instance, for cases:. Westlaw goes one step further in helping users review citation reports by offering Depth of Treatment Stars and Quotation Marks.

Depth of Treatment Stars i. Quotation Marks indicate when an authority actually quotes the authority you are KeyCiting. One of the best features of KeyCite is the option to view the Direct History two 2 different ways. If you like charts and graphs, you will love the Graphical View available on the left hand side.

This option provides a flow chart of the prior and subsequent history of the case with arrows showing its path through the court and hyperlinks to other decisions that are available on Westlaw. The graph is color coded to show the different levels of courts.

The default for reviewing a KeyCite report in list format shows direct history first, followed by negative citing references and court documents.

Westlaw breaks negative treatment down a lot of ways, including:. Choosing the option for Citing References in the left panel will display all citations for the authority you are KeyCiting , with negative cases first, then positive cases ranked by Depth of Treatment Stars. Within each star grouping, cases are listed with federal decisions first, followed by circuits in numerical order, districts in alphabetical order and then states in alphabetical order.

In the Mapp case, Westlaw brought up 18, documents. Depending on the type of authority you are KeyCiting , KeyCite reports can include references to:.

To view the text of a citing reference, just click the numbered hyperlink next to the caption or title. You can click from page to page using the Next Part hyperlinks at the bottom.

If your report contains a lot of citations, such as in the Mapp case, you may want to limit your KeyCite display.

KeyCite offers preliminary options to limit by cases, secondary sources, administrative materials, court documents, or a particular publication. KeyCite also allows you to limit by:. You can choose one 1 or all of these limits to help narrow your KeyCite results and save a lot of time reviewing citations.

If we limit by 6th Circuit and Ohio cases related to the Headnote captioned Courts, our results are reduced from over 18, to only You can always edit or cancel your limits at any time at the bottom of the screen. Depending on the service you have, you can print, download, email or fax the full history, direct history in graphical view, or citing references in your KeyCite report.

BYU students and faculty have off-campus access, while all others must use Lexis Academic on the law library's computers. You can get to KeyCite by using the Westlaw Patron Access terminal near the 2nd floor reference desk. A red symbol next to a reference will indicate that a case has been overturned or reversed.

A yellow symbol next to a reference means it may have been distinguished or criticized. Feel free to seek additional assistance at the reference desk. While print citators are rarely used anymore, here are directions for using them. To Shepardize a case or statute in print, look up the case or statute in the appropriate citator.

The range of citations reported in each volume is indicated on the spine. To make sure you have all the volumes you need to Shepardize, look at the most current supplement. These softbound pamphlets are located at the end of each set. The date is on the upper right hand corner and should be no more than two months old.